Most common Diseases of Ages of 50+: Musculo-Skeletal Disorders -Gout Prevention:The Do's and Do not's list

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients' muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints. A shoulder disorder was found in 27% of subjects, rheumatoid arthritis in 1% and osteoarthritis (OA) of the hand, hip, and knee in five, seven, and 18% of subjects, respectively. Disability was frequent: a walking distance of < 500 m was found in 60% and ADL dependency in 40% of the group. Factors related to one or both of these disability measures included female gender, hip and knee OA, impaired vision, cognitive impairment and neurological disease(1a).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2a)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

Gout
I. Gout mostly effected one joint is defined as an acute and recurrent condition of arthritis as a result of uric acid building up in blood cause of joint inflammation.
 

V. Prevention
A. The Do's and Do not's list

1. Coffee

Good news for coffee drinker, researchers found that long-term moderate coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of incident gout in women(9).

2. Maintaining adequate fluid intake 
Dehydrate is associated with the increased risk of gout. Drinking water or skim milk can improve gout control, according to findings from two studies that highlight the important contribution of lifestyle factors on gout prevention and management(10).

3. Weight reduction 
Obesity causes pressure to the joint. Obesity is not only a risk factor for incident gout but is also associated with an earlier age at gout onset(11).

4. Dietary changes
a. Reduce alcohol
Alcohol intake is strongly associated with an increased risk of gout. This risk varies substantially according to type of alcoholic beverage: beer confers a larger risk than spirits, whereas moderate wine drinking does not increase the risk(12).

b. Reduce intake of foods with high levels of purine, such as sardines, herring, kidney and sweetbreads, shrimp, etc.

c. Diet with foods to prevent gout 
Dairy products, vegetables, nuts, legumes, fruits (less sugary ones), and whole grains are healthy choices for the comorbidities of gout and may also help prevent gout by reducing insulin resistance. Coffee and vitamin C supplementation could be considered as preventive measures as these can lower urate levels, as well as the risk of gout and some of its comorbidities. Diet with foods such as cherries and strawberries to prevent goutDairy products, vegetables, nuts, legumes, fruits (less sugary ones), and whole grains are healthy choices for the comorbidities of gout and may also help prevent gout by reducing insulin resistance. Coffee and vitamin C supplementation could be considered as preventive measures as these can lower urate levels, as well as the risk of gout and some of its comorbidities(13). Other researchers suggested that some in vivo evidence of the impact of strawberry intake on the folate status in humans have already been reported, but a new increasing interest on this field is strongly hoped. Furthermore, the hypouricaemic effects previously ascribed to cherry consumption need to be evaluated in respect to strawberry intake. At the moment, inconsistent results come from the few investigations designed at this proposal. In our studies, a great interindividual variability was observed on plasma urate levels in response to strawberry intake, suggesting a putative effect(14).

5. Reduce intake of medications which can cause gout by reviewing them with your doctor, as certain medicine such as Thiazide and loop diuretics.

6. Exercise
"Exercises to relieve gout should be done steady and cautiously as to avoid further irritation to the joints. The best exercises for gout are range of motion types: strength training, stretching and building endurance. Yoga is an exercise that incorporates all four; however, there are other exercises that can be done individually also" According to the article of How to Exercise If You Have Gout(14a)

7. Etc.



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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7864688
(1a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14528524
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21285714
(2a) http://health.yahoo.net/channel/musculoskeletal-disorders.html
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20739424  
(10) http://www.internalmedicinenews.com/specialty-focus/rheumatology-immunology/single-article-page/water-skim-milk-may-improve-gout-control.html
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21485022 
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15094272
(13) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20035225 
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19689836
(14a) http://www.3fatchicks.com/how-to-exercise-if-you-have-gout/