Du Chong is also known as eucommia bark. The sweet, warm and slightly acrid herb has been used in TCM as sedative, anesthesia, diuretic, anti aging and antibiotic agent and to chronic pain in lower back and knees, lack of strength, dizziness, impotence, irregular menses, frequent urination, etc., as it tonifies Liver and Kidneys, strengthens the sinews and bones, prevents miscarriage, etc., by enhancing the functions of liver and kidney channels.
Ingredients
1. (+) -pinoresinol O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
2. + - pinoresinol di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
3. pinoresinol di-beta-D-glucoside
4. (+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol 4'-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
5. (+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol 4"-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
6. (+)-epipinoresinol][9].
7. (+) -syringaresinol-di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
7. (+) -syringaresinol-di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
8. (+)-syringa resinol O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
9. (+)-syringaresinol monoglucoside
10. Eucommiol
11. Eucommioside
12. Eucommioside-I
13. Etc.
Health Benefits
1. Neuroprotective effects
in the examination of whether aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark (EUE) with graded doses exerted its neuroprotective effects on amyloid beta(25-35) (Aβ(25-35))-induced learning and memory impairments in mice, found that EUE inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 value; 172 μg/ml). Ex vivo study, EUE significantly inhibited AChE activity in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. These results demonstrate that EUE possesses potent neuroprotective effects and that its beneficial effects are mediated, in part, by AChE inhibition, and therefore, might be a potential candidate in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD, according to "Neuroprotective effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark on amyloid beta(25-35)-induced learning and memory impairments in mice" by Kwon SH, Lee HK, Kim JA, Hong SI, Kim SY, Jo TH, Park YI, Lee CK, Kim YB, Lee SY, Jang CG.(1)
2. Antioxidant effects
In the evaluation of he antioxidant activity of the extracts from Du-zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) by measuring the radical scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity in a beta-carotene/linoleic acid system, found that the addition of leaf extract at 0.1% (w/w), roasted cortex extract at 0.1% (w/w), and BHT at 0.01% (w/w) decreased day 8 TBARS values by 35, 20, and 37%, respectively. Du-zhong leaf extract at 0.1% (w/w) also exhibited a certain stabilizing effect on meat redness a* value and retarded the formation of MetMb. This study suggests that Du-zhong leaf extract may be a potential source of natural antioxidants, according to "Antioxidant properties of Du-zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) extracts and their effects on color stability and lipid oxidation of raw pork patties" by Xu Z, Tang M, Li Y, Liu F, Li X, Dai R.(2)
3. Osteoporosis
In the examination of whether Du-Zhong cortex extract (DZCE) with graded doses exerted its preventive effects on estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis, found that Daily oral administration of DZCE or E(2) started on week 4 after OVX for 16 weeks. Treatment with DZCE at higher doses (300 or 500 mg/kg/day) was found to be able to significantly prevent OVX-induced decrease in biomechanical quality of femur such as maximum stress and Young's modulus. The mechanical changes were associated with the prevention of a further bone mineral density (BMD) decrease or even with some improvements in microarchitecture. DZCE dose-dependently inhibited total BMD decrease in the femur caused by OVX, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in skeletal remodeling, as was evidenced by the decreased levels of the bone turnover markers osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatese (ALP), deoxypyridinoline (DPD), and urinary Ca and P excretions. muCT analysis of the femoral metaphysis showed that DZCE at the highest doses (500 mg/kg/day) significantly prevents decrease in bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), connect density (Conn.D), trabecula number (Tb.N) and trabecula thickness (Tb.Th), and increase in trabecula separation (Tb.Sp) and structure model index (SMI) in OVX rats, according to "Du-Zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) cortex extract prevent OVX-induced osteoporosis in rats" by Zhang R, Liu ZG, Li C, Hu SJ, Liu L, Wang JP, Mei QB.(3)
4. Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters
In the testing the extracts of E. ulmoides, using in-vitro reporter gene bioassays and in-vivo animal studies and key compounds responsible for the steroidogenic effects were isolated and identified using solid phase extraction (SPE), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), electron spray ionisation-mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), found that (1) a phenomenal tripartite synergism exists between the sex steroid receptors (androgen and estrogen receptors), their cognate steroidal ligands and lipidic augmenters isolated from E. ulmoides, (2) phytoandrogenic activity of E. ulmoides was mediated by plant triterpenoids binding cognately to the androgen receptor (AR) ligand binding domain and concluded that in addition to well-known phytoestrogens, the existence of phytoandrogens is reported in this study. Furthermore, a form of tripartite synergism between sex steroid receptors, sex hormones and plant-derived lipids is described for the first time. This could have contrasting clinical applications for hypogonadal- and hyperlipidaemic-related disorders, according to "Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides" by Ong VY, Tan BK.(4)
5. Inhibitory effect
In the investigation of the effect of water extracts of roasted cortex and leaves from Du-zhong on DNA damage in lymphocytes induced by H(2)O(2), found that group B had the best inhibitory effect. Also, leaf extract had significant ability to scavenge H(2)O(2) in an in vitro HRP-phenol red test. Thus, it appears that H(2)O(2) scavenging potency may be the major mechanism whereby leaf extract inhibits oxidative DNA damage induced by H(2)O(2), according to "Inhibitory effect of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. on oxidative DNA damage in lymphocytes induced by H2O2" by Yen GC, Hsieh CL.(5)
1. Neuroprotective effects
in the examination of whether aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark (EUE) with graded doses exerted its neuroprotective effects on amyloid beta(25-35) (Aβ(25-35))-induced learning and memory impairments in mice, found that EUE inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 value; 172 μg/ml). Ex vivo study, EUE significantly inhibited AChE activity in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. These results demonstrate that EUE possesses potent neuroprotective effects and that its beneficial effects are mediated, in part, by AChE inhibition, and therefore, might be a potential candidate in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD, according to "Neuroprotective effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark on amyloid beta(25-35)-induced learning and memory impairments in mice" by Kwon SH, Lee HK, Kim JA, Hong SI, Kim SY, Jo TH, Park YI, Lee CK, Kim YB, Lee SY, Jang CG.(1)
2. Antioxidant effects
In the evaluation of he antioxidant activity of the extracts from Du-zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) by measuring the radical scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity in a beta-carotene/linoleic acid system, found that the addition of leaf extract at 0.1% (w/w), roasted cortex extract at 0.1% (w/w), and BHT at 0.01% (w/w) decreased day 8 TBARS values by 35, 20, and 37%, respectively. Du-zhong leaf extract at 0.1% (w/w) also exhibited a certain stabilizing effect on meat redness a* value and retarded the formation of MetMb. This study suggests that Du-zhong leaf extract may be a potential source of natural antioxidants, according to "Antioxidant properties of Du-zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) extracts and their effects on color stability and lipid oxidation of raw pork patties" by Xu Z, Tang M, Li Y, Liu F, Li X, Dai R.(2)
3. Osteoporosis
In the examination of whether Du-Zhong cortex extract (DZCE) with graded doses exerted its preventive effects on estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis, found that Daily oral administration of DZCE or E(2) started on week 4 after OVX for 16 weeks. Treatment with DZCE at higher doses (300 or 500 mg/kg/day) was found to be able to significantly prevent OVX-induced decrease in biomechanical quality of femur such as maximum stress and Young's modulus. The mechanical changes were associated with the prevention of a further bone mineral density (BMD) decrease or even with some improvements in microarchitecture. DZCE dose-dependently inhibited total BMD decrease in the femur caused by OVX, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in skeletal remodeling, as was evidenced by the decreased levels of the bone turnover markers osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatese (ALP), deoxypyridinoline (DPD), and urinary Ca and P excretions. muCT analysis of the femoral metaphysis showed that DZCE at the highest doses (500 mg/kg/day) significantly prevents decrease in bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), connect density (Conn.D), trabecula number (Tb.N) and trabecula thickness (Tb.Th), and increase in trabecula separation (Tb.Sp) and structure model index (SMI) in OVX rats, according to "Du-Zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) cortex extract prevent OVX-induced osteoporosis in rats" by Zhang R, Liu ZG, Li C, Hu SJ, Liu L, Wang JP, Mei QB.(3)
4. Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters
In the testing the extracts of E. ulmoides, using in-vitro reporter gene bioassays and in-vivo animal studies and key compounds responsible for the steroidogenic effects were isolated and identified using solid phase extraction (SPE), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), electron spray ionisation-mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), found that (1) a phenomenal tripartite synergism exists between the sex steroid receptors (androgen and estrogen receptors), their cognate steroidal ligands and lipidic augmenters isolated from E. ulmoides, (2) phytoandrogenic activity of E. ulmoides was mediated by plant triterpenoids binding cognately to the androgen receptor (AR) ligand binding domain and concluded that in addition to well-known phytoestrogens, the existence of phytoandrogens is reported in this study. Furthermore, a form of tripartite synergism between sex steroid receptors, sex hormones and plant-derived lipids is described for the first time. This could have contrasting clinical applications for hypogonadal- and hyperlipidaemic-related disorders, according to "Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides" by Ong VY, Tan BK.(4)
5. Inhibitory effect
In the investigation of the effect of water extracts of roasted cortex and leaves from Du-zhong on DNA damage in lymphocytes induced by H(2)O(2), found that group B had the best inhibitory effect. Also, leaf extract had significant ability to scavenge H(2)O(2) in an in vitro HRP-phenol red test. Thus, it appears that H(2)O(2) scavenging potency may be the major mechanism whereby leaf extract inhibits oxidative DNA damage induced by H(2)O(2), according to "Inhibitory effect of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. on oxidative DNA damage in lymphocytes induced by H2O2" by Yen GC, Hsieh CL.(5)
Side Effects
1. Do not use the herb in case of yin deficiency with heat
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without consulting first with the related field specialist
3. Etc.Recommended E books
Dr. Joseph Mercola's Complete Guide
To Weight Loss, Preventing Diseases, Premature Aging,
And Living Healthy And Longer
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
For other Chinese herbs in western view, visit http://chineseherbsinnutrientsperspective.blogspot.com/2011/10/chinese-herbs-in-western-view-health.html
For other health articles, please visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/
Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20974223
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20499841
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18835589
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17261169
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12616594
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